# Basic Logic Tables

Definitions:

$\vee \quad Or\\ \\ \wedge \quad And\\ \\ \neg \quad Not\\ \\ \forall \quad For\quad All\\ \\ \exists \quad There\quad exists\\ \\ \Rightarrow \quad Implies$

LOGICAL POSSIBILITIES:

 TRUE (T) FALSE (F) TRUE (T) T, T T, F FALSE (F) F, T F, F

“OR” TRUTH TABLE:

 $a$ $b$ $a\vee b$ T T T T F T F T T F F F

“AND” TRUTH TABLE

 $a$ $b$ $a\wedge b$ T T T T F F F T F F F F

“NOT” TRUTH TABLE

 $a$ $\neg a$ T F F T

“IMPLIES” TRUTH TABLE

 $a$ $b$ $a\Rightarrow b$ T T T T F F F T T F F T

# How To Expand (a+b+c)(d+e+f)(g+h+i)

Firstly you have to know what (a+b+c)(d+e+f) is. You can expand this expression using a rectangle:

So you know that: $\left( a+b+c \right) \left( d+e+f \right) =ad+ae+af+bd+be+bf+cd+ce+cf$

Next you’d have to multiply (a+b+c)(d+e+f) by (g+h+i) using another rectangle:

And from here you’d figure out that:

$\left( a+b+c \right) \left( d+e+f \right) \left( g+h+i \right) \\ \\ =\left[ \left( a+b+c \right) \left( d+e+f \right) \right] \left( g+h+i \right) \\ \\ =\left[ ad+ae+af+bd+be+bf+cd+ce+cf \right] \left( g+h+i \right) \\ \\ =adg+aeg+afg+bdg+beg+bfg+cdg+ceg+cfg\\ \\ +adh+aeh+afh+bdh+beh+bfh+cdh+ceh+cfh\\ \\ +adi+aei+afi+bdi+bei+bfi+cdi+cei+cfi\\ \\ =ag\left( d+e+f \right) +bg\left( d+e+f \right) +cg\left( d+e+f \right) \\ \\ +ah\left( d+e+f \right) +bh\left( d+e+f \right) +ch\left( d+e+f \right) \\ \\ +ai\left( d+e+f \right) +bi\left( d+e+f \right) +ci\left( d+e+f \right) \\ \\ =\left( d+e+f \right) \left[ ag+bg+cg+ah+bh+ch+ai+bi+ci \right] \\ \\ =\left( d+e+f \right) \left[ g\left( a+b+c \right) +h\left( a+b+c \right) +i\left( a+b+c \right) \right] \\ \\ =\left( d+e+f \right) \left[ \left( a+b+c \right) \left( g+h+i \right) \right] \\ \\ =\left( a+b+c \right) \left( d+e+f \right) \left( g+h+i \right)$

# Trapezium Rule Formula – Derivation

Find out how to come up with the Trapezium Rule formula from scratch.

1) Derive the formula for the area of trapeziums:

2) Use the area of trapeziums formula to come up with the Trapezium Rule formula:

Related:

Derive the formula to find areas underneath curves